A+ Chapter 5 Power Words - Defined

Chapter 5 - RAM
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1. BSoD - blue screen of death
2. DDRSD RAM - Double data rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory
3. Dual Channel Architecture - simultaneous sending and receiving of data 
4. DRAM - Dynamic random access memory
5. ECCRAM - error correction code random access memory
6. Pinwheel of Death - apple error for application loading screen
7. Buffered RAM – Registered random access memory
8. Unbuffered RAM – consumer random access memory (this is most used)
9. DDR2 – next gen ram after DDR (at 100Mhz clock speed ran 400 Transfers per second)
10. DDR3 – Faster than DDR2 (twice the speed of DDR2)
11. DDR3L – Low voltage DDR3
12. DDR3U – Even lower voltage than DDR3L
13. DDR4 – current generation of RAM (twice the speed of DDR3)
14. Single Sided RAM – Chips on one side
15. Double Sided RAM – Chips on both side
16. Quad channel Architecture – needs more sticks of RAM (4) than triple channel to run efficiently
17. Parody RAM – (parody bit AKA a little extra data)
18. SIMM – Single inline memory module
19. SODIMM – small outline dual outline memory module
20. Triple channel architecture – Needs 3 sticks of RAM to run efficiently

A+ Chapter 10 Power Words - Defined

Chapter 10 - Implementing Hard Drives

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1. EFS – encrypting file system
2. FAT 32 – File Allocation Table 32 bit
3. FAT 64 - File Allocation Table 64 bit
4. Active partition - Part of the MBR
5. File system – A way to store files
6. EXFat – same as FAT64
7. MBR – Master Boot Record
8. MFT – Master File Table
9. NTFS – New Technology File system
10. EXT4 – Fourth Extended File System
11. Defragment – A way to optimize drives
12. CHKDSK – Check Disk command line utility
13. Disk Cleanup – Cleans up unnecessary files
14. Disk management – Graphical portioning system
15. Disk utility – MAC OS X utility similar to disk management
16. Data structure – Official jargon for how FAT is set up
17. Dynamic disk – Uses dynamic partitioning
18. Basic disk - Uses MBR or GPT for a partition
19. GPT – GUID partition table
20. Parity space – Space efficient backup for information stored on the drive

A+ Chapter 9 Power Words - Defined

Chapter 9 - Hard Drive Technologies 
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1. AHCI – Advanced Host Controller Interface
2. ATA – Advanced Technology Attachment
3. SATA – Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
4. eSATA – external Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
5. HDD – Hard Disk Drive
6. HBA – Host Bus Adapter
7. HHDs – Hybrid Hard Drives
8. IDE – Integrated Drive Electronics
9. mSATA – An interface that needs a preadapted SSD for usage
10. NCQ – Native Command Queuing
11. NVMe – Non-volatile Memory express
12. RAID – Redundant array of independent (inexpensive) disks
13. SATAe – Serial Advanced Technology Attachment Express
14. S.M.A.R.T. – Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology
15. SSD – Solid-State Drive
16. Disk duplexing - a variation of disk mirroring in which each of multiple storage disks has its own SCSI controller
17. Disk mirroring - Disk mirroring (also known as RAID-1) is the practice of duplicating data in separate volumes on two hard disks
18. Disk stripping - a technique in which multiple smaller disks act as a single large disk
19. Disk stripping with parity - provides data redundancy and reliability
20. Hot Swapping - fit or replace (a computer part) with the power still connected (Also a good way to get hurt if you’re not paying attention)

A+ Chapter 6 Power Words - Defined

Chapter 6 - BIOS

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1. Chipset – Electronic chips that handle all low level processing on a PC
2. Beep Code – Beeping sound code that will tell you problems with your pc.
3. CMOS Clear – Using this will clear the CMOS
4. Bootable Disk – Disk drive that can be booted in the BIOS menu.
5. Flash ROM - You can write information to it but it wont be erased when the system is off.
6. System Bios – Controls basic input output system.
7. Device Drivers – These are used to tell devices that are plugged into your pc how to work.
8. ROM- Read Only Memory 
9. Installation Disc – Disc that is used to install a Software or OS.
10. System Disk – Any storage device with a bootable operating system.
11. Secure Boot – A feature that secures the boot sequence.
12. LoJack – A tracking software put into computers.
13. POST Card – Plug in Diagnostics card.
14. Bootstrap Loader – Used to load software’s.
15. Nonvolatile - Retaining data even if there is a break in the power supply.
16. Firmware – Software programed to the read only memory
17. Power on Self-Test – Test to see if the pc can power on
18. (CMOS) – Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
19. Scan Code - Its a pattern of 1's and 0's
20. Registry - A special database that stores everything on a windows device.

A+ Chapter 7 Power Words - Defined

Chapter 7 - Motherboards
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1. Motherboard – A computers brain it connects every part of the pc to itself and makes sure information gets to its destination.
2. Motherboard book – valuable resource for installing motherboard it gives lists for what motherboards can connect to which parts.
3. Transfer rate – rate of data transferred between two devices which is normally transferred through the expansion bus.
4. Traces – electronic connections in a mother board
5. Device driver – control communications between computer and peripherals (Peripherals - are anything that connects to the outside of the pc ex. USB)
6. Mini PCI – PCI used for laptops (PCI - ex USB)
7. Chipset – Electronic chipset that are connected to the motherboard that handle all lower level processes in a PC
8. Nano ITX – 4.7-inch by 4.7-inch variation on the ITX form factor
9. AT – 802868 IBM bases computer
10. ATX – popular motherboard standards.
11. Burn in failure – critical failure that are normally with manufacturing defects.
12. Catastrophic failure – Describes a failure in either a component or the whole system unable to boot.
13. Component failure – occurs when the system device fails from manufacturing or other defects
14. Distended capacitors - failed capacitors on the mother board that bulge out at the top
15. Expansion bus – set of wires going to the CPU
16. Expansion slots – connections on a motherboard that enable users to add components
17. FlexATX – very small motherboard
18. Form factor – Standards for organization of motherboard itself and the size of the motherboard.  
19. ITX – a family of motherboard factors
20. Micro ATX – Uses ATX power supply
21. Windows hardware certification program – testing program for hardware

A+ Chapter 1 Power Words - Defined

Chapter 1 - Path of the PC Tech

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1. Certification - an official document attesting to a status or level of achievement.
2. CCNA - is an information technology certification from Cisco Systems
3. CompTIA A+ 220-901 - covers PC hardware and peripherals, mobile device hardware, networking and troubleshooting hardware and network connectivity issues
4. CompTIA A+ 220-902 - covers installing and configuring operating systems including Windows, iOS, Android, Apple OS X and Linux
5. CompTIA Network+ Certification - IT certification exam that verifies you have the essential knowledge and skills in networking to develop a career in IT infrastructure
6. CompTIA - non-profit trade association known for its IT certification exams and test preparation courses
7. IT - Information Technology
8. MCSE - (Microsoft Certified Professional) certification program from Microsoft that enables IT Professionals and Developers to validate their technical expertise
9. Network - computing devices that use a common telecommunications technology
10. PC Tech - A computer repair technician is a person who repairs and maintains computers and servers
11. Pearson VUE - IT service management company
12. Voucher - a small printed piece of paper that entitles the holder to a discount
13. www.comptia.org – CompTIA website